Blender's Armatures: A Crash Course from CG Masters on Vimeo.
In this tutorial we go through a rapid fire, crash course overview, of Blender's armature system, the bones they are comprised of and all the little tricks and buttons available when making a skeleton rig for your character.
Notes from video:
Shift+A : To add armatures
Tab : To switch b/w edit mode of armatures.
Ctrl+Tab : Get to pose mode. The usual mode for animating a character when the skeleton is complete.
In Edit mode:
E : hitting E after selecting a joint you extrude out to add another bone.
Ctrl+LMB : Make immediate extrusions
W : After selecting the whole bone and hitting 'W'(specials) and can subdivide.
'[' or ']' : Move selection through bones. (works with edit mode and pose mode)
Creating another branch of bone: Select the joint and place the 3D cursor where you want the tip of the bone to be and hit 'F' key.
Shift+D : Duplicate bones.